가능은 할 것 같습니다. 손이 좀 갈 것 같지만요.
이전 row의 값은 LAG() OVER()함수를 이용하면 가져올 수 있습니다. (반대는 LEAD함수)

CREATE TABLE #TEMP_NUM (
NUM INT
, QUANTITY INT
)

INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (1, 4)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (2, 4)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (3, 4)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (6, 4)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (7, 3)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (8, 4)
INSERT INTO #TEMP_NUM VALUES (10, 4)



SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY NUM ASC) AS RNUM
, NUM
, QUANTITY
INTO #TEMP_NUM_CHK
FROM #TEMP_NUM WITH (NOLOCK)



SELECT (SELECT REPLACE(ISNULL(STUFF((SELECT CAST('$-$' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) + J.DISP_NUM
FROM (
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), MIN(NUM)) + '~' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), MAX(NUM)) + '('+CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), MAX(QUANTITY))+')' AS DISP_NUM
FROM (
SELECT RNUM
, NUM
, QUANTITY
, CASE
WHEN RNUM = NUM AND QUANTITY = (SELECT QUANTITY FROM #TEMP_NUM_CHK WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE RNUM = A.RNUM + 1) THEN 'YES'
ELSE 'NO'
END AS CHECK_NUM
FROM #TEMP_NUM_CHK AS A
) AS T
WHERE CHECK_NUM = 'YES'
GROUP BY CHECK_NUM

UNION ALL

SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), NUM) + '('+CONVERT(VARCHAR(5),QUANTITY)+')'
FROM (
SELECT RNUM
, NUM
, QUANTITY
, CASE
WHEN RNUM = NUM AND QUANTITY = (SELECT QUANTITY FROM #TEMP_NUM_CHK WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE RNUM = A.RNUM + 1) THEN 'YES'
ELSE 'NO'
END AS CHECK_NUM
FROM #TEMP_NUM_CHK AS A
) AS T
WHERE CHECK_NUM = 'NO'
) AS J
FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 3, ''), ''), '$-$', ', ') AS DISP_NUM) AS TAG1

별거 아닌것 같아서 끄적대다보니 생각보다 어렵군요;;;
MSSQL 쿼리니까 한번 돌려보세요~

저도 별거 아니라고 생각 했다가 질문까지 올리게 됐네여~감사합니다 좋은 하루 보내세요